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EMG was supported by the Comunidad de Madrid Talento program (2017-T1/BMD-5396), the Ramon y Cajal program (RYC2018-024374-I), the MINECO RETOS program (RTI2018-097485-A-I00), and the NIH R21 program (R21AI140930). EMG and JBS have applied for funding for the EDEPIMIC study of the COVID-19 pandemic. Grants PREDINMUN-COVID from Fondo SUPERA COVID19, SAF2017-82886-R to FSM from the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, and HR17-00016 grant from La Caixa Banking Foundation to FSM supported the study. AA was supported by Fondo de Investigaciones Sanitarias (FIS) PI19/00549. CMC was supported by FIS PI18/01163. This work has also been cofinanced by the Community of Madrid through the COVID 2019 aid/funds. We would like to thank the REINMUN-COVID and EDEPIMIC groups (see Supplemental Acknowledgments for consortium details).

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Article

COVID-19 severity associates with pulmonary redistribution of CD1c(+) DCs and inflammatory transitional and nonclassical monocytes

Publicated to:JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION. 130 (12): 6290-6300 - 2020-12-01 130(12), DOI: 10.1172/JCI140335

Authors: Sanchez-Cerrillo, Ildefonso; Landete, Pedro; Aldave, Beatriz; Sanchez-Alonso, Santiago; Sanchez-Azofra, Ana; Marcos-Jimenez, Ana; Avalos, Elena; Alcaraz-Serna, Ana; de los Santos, Ignacio; Mateu-Albero, Tamara; Esparcia, Laura; Lopez-Sanz, Celia; Martinez-Fleta, Pedro; Gabrie, Ligia; del Campo Guerola, Luciana; de la Fuente, Hortensia; Calzada, Maria J; Gonzalez-Alvaro, Isidoro; Alfranca, Arantzazu; Sanchez-Madrid, Francisco; Munoz-Calleja, Cecilia; Soriano, Joan B; Ancochea, Julio; Martin-Gayo, Enrique

Affiliations

‎ CIBER Cardiovasc, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Hosp Univ Princesa, Rheumatol Serv, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Immunol Unit, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Infect Dis Div, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Inst Invest Sanitaria Princesa, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Pneumol Dept, Madrid, Spain - Author
‎ Univ Autonoma Madrid, Madrid, Spain - Author
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Abstract

SARS-CoV-2 is responsible for the development of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) in infected individuals, who can either exhibit mild symptoms or progress toward a life-threatening acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). Exacerbated inflammation and dysregulated immune responses involving T and myeloid cells occur in COVID-19 patients with severe clinical progression. However, the differential contribution of specific subsets of dendritic cells and monocytes to ARDS is still poorly understood. In addition, the role of CD8(+) T cells present in the lung of COVID-19 patients and relevant for viral control has not been characterized, Here, we have studied the frequencies and activation profiles of dendritic cells and monocytes present in the blood and lung of COVID-19 patients with different clinical severity in comparison with healthy individuals. Furthermore, these subpopulations and their association with antiviral effector CD8(+)T cell subsets were also characterized in lung infiltrates from critical COVID-19 patients. Our results indicate that inflammatory transitional and nonclassical monocytes and CD1C(+) conventional dendritic cells preferentially migrate from blood to lungs in patients with severe COVID-19. Thus, this study increases the knowledge of specific myeloid subsets involved in the pathogenesis of COVID-19 disease and could be useful for the design of therapeutic strategies for fighting SARS-CoV-2 infection.

Keywords

covid-19dendritic cellsimmunologymonocytesDendritic cellsHealthMacrophagesStreptococcus-pneumoniaeT cells

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2020, it was in position 3/140, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Medicine, Research & Experimental. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from World Citations provided by WoS (ESI, Clarivate), it yields a value for the citation normalization relative to the expected citation rate of: 9.1. This indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: ESI Nov 14, 2024)

This information is reinforced by other indicators of the same type, which, although dynamic over time and dependent on the set of average global citations at the time of their calculation, consistently position the work at some point among the top 50% most cited in its field:

  • Weighted Average of Normalized Impact by the Scopus agency: 10.87 (source consulted: FECYT Feb 2024)
  • Field Citation Ratio (FCR) from Dimensions: 28.8 (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-27, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 136
  • Scopus: 150
  • Europe PMC: 128

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-27:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 205.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 207 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 65.25.
  • The number of mentions on the social network Facebook: 2 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 33 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 4 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been MARTIN GAYO, ENRIQUE.