{rfName}
Pl

Indexed in

APC

2 690,00 Pounds

License and Use

Icono OpenAccess

Citations

1

Altmetrics

Impact on the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs)

Analysis of institutional authors

Ortola, RosarioAuthorGarcia-Esquinas, EstherAuthorRodriguez-Artalejo, FernandoAuthorSotos-Prieto, MercedesCorresponding Author

Share

October 20, 2025
Publications
>
Article
Sí

Planetary health diet, other plant-based diets and risk of type 2 diabetes: a prospective study from the UK Biobank

Publicated to: Cardiovascular Diabetology. 24 (1): 376- - 2025-09-30 24(1), DOI: 10.1186/s12933-025-02909-z

Authors:

Aznar de la Riera, Maria del Carmen; Ortola, Rosario; Kales, Stefanos N; Kales, Stefanos N; Garcia-Esquinas, Esther; Rodriguez-Artalejo, Fernando; Sotos-Prieto, Mercedes
[+]

Affiliations

CIBERESP CIBER Epidemiol & Publ Hlth, Av Monforte Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain - Author
Harvard Med Sch, Occupat Med, Cambridge Hlth Alliance, 1493 Cambridge St, Cambridge, MA 02139 USA - Author
Harvard TH Chan Sch Publ Hlth, Dept Environm Hlth, 665 Huntington Ave, Boston, MA 02115 USA - Author
Inst Salud Carlos III, Natl Ctr Epidemiol, Dept Chron Dis, Av Monforte Lemos 3-5, Madrid 28029, Spain - Author
UAM, CSIC, IMDEA NUTR, CEI, Ctra Canto Blanco 8 E, Madrid 28049, Spain - Author
Univ Autonoma Madrid, Sch Med, Dept Prevent Med & Publ Hlth, Calle Arzobispo Morcillo 4, Madrid 28029, Spain - Author
See more

Abstract

BackgroundType 2 diabetes remains a major global health concern, and plant-based diets (PBD) offer substantial preventive value. The Planetary Health Diet Index (PHDI) captures adherence to an environmentally sustainable PBD with potential metabolic benefits. However, evidence on its association with type 2 diabetes risk remains limited, notably in comparison with other preexisting PBD. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association between adherence to the PHDI and type 2 diabetes risk in a large British adult cohort and compare it to other well-known PBDs.MethodsThis analysis included 112,032 participants aged 40-69 years from the UK Biobank who were free of type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease at baseline (2009-2012) and were followed until 2021. Dietary intake was assessed using at least two 24-h dietary recalls, and PHDI scores (range: 0-130) were computed based on adherence to 14 food groups recommendations. The other PBDs (alternate Mediterranean Diet score (aMED), healthful plant-based index (hPBD), Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension (DASH), and Alternate Healthy Eating Index (AHEI-2010)), were estimated using established methodologies. Incident type 2 diabetes was ascertained through clinical records, hospital admissions, and self-reporting. Cox proportional-hazards regression models were used to estimate hazard ratios (HR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs), adjusting for key confounders.ResultsDuring a median 9.4-year follow-up, 2666 cases of type 2 diabetes were identified. When comparing participants in the highest versus the lowest quartile of PHDI adherence, the multivariable-adjusted HR (95% CI) for type 2 diabetes was 0.57 (0.50, 0.64), which was more pronounced than that observed for the aMED: 0.70 (0.62, 0.78) and hPDI: 0.64 (0.57, 0.72) and similar to DASH: 0.58 (0.51, 0.65); AHEI-2010: 0.59 (0.53, 0.67). Further adjustment for BMI led to a 13-19% attenuation of the association. High consumption of vegetables and fish, and limited intake of red/processed meats and added sugars were associated with reduced type 2 diabetes risk.ConclusionsIn this large cohort of British adults, higher adherence to the PHDI was associated with a substantially lower risk of type 2 diabetes, with effect sizes comparable to or greater than those observed for other well-known PBDs. These findings support the promotion of the PHDI and PBDs as an environmentally sustainable choice with potential to reduce type 2 diabetes risk.
[+]

Keywords

Environmental healthEpidemiologyPlanetary healthPlant-based dietPreventionType 2 diabetesZero hunger

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal Cardiovascular Diabetology due to its progression and the good impact it has achieved in recent years, according to the agency WoS (JCR), it has become a reference in its field. In the year of publication of the work, 2025, it was in position 11/193, thus managing to position itself as a Q1 (Primer Cuartil), in the category Endocrinology & Metabolism. Notably, the journal is positioned above the 90th percentile.

[+]

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2026-04-02:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 33.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 29 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 3.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 1 (Altmetric).

It is essential to present evidence supporting full alignment with institutional principles and guidelines on Open Science and the Conservation and Dissemination of Intellectual Heritage. A clear example of this is:

  • The work has been submitted to a journal whose editorial policy allows open Open Access publication.
  • Assignment of a Handle/URN as an identifier within the deposit in the Institutional Repository: https://repositorio.uam.es/handle/10486/729300
Continuing with the social impact of the work, it is important to emphasize that, due to its content, it can be assigned to the area of interest of ODS 2 - Zero hunger, with a probability of 53% according to the mBERT algorithm developed by Aurora University.
[+]

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

This work has been carried out with international collaboration, specifically with researchers from: United States of America.

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (AZNAR DE LA RIERA, MARIA DEL CARMEN) and Last Author (SOTOS PRIETO, MERCEDES).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been SOTOS PRIETO, MERCEDES.

[+]

Awards linked to the item

The authors assume full responsibility for the analyses and interpretation of these data.
[+]