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Analysis of institutional authors

Ovejero, SantiagoCorresponding AuthorBaca-Garcia, EnriqueAuthor

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Prolonged social withdrawal disorder: A hikikomori case in Spain

Publicated to:INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY. 60 (6): 562-565 - 2014-09-01 60(6), DOI: 10.1177/0020764013504560

Authors: Ovejero, Santiago; Caro-Canizares, Irene; de Leon-Martinez, Victoria; Baca-Garcia, Enrique

Affiliations

Fdn Jimenez Diaz, Dept Psychiat, Madrid 28040, Spain - Author

Abstract

Background: The Japanese term hikikomori means literally 'to be confined'. Social withdrawal can be present in severe psychiatric disorders; however, in Japan, hikikomori is a defined nosologic entity. There have been only a few reported cases in occidental culture. Material: We present a case report of a Spanish man with prolonged social withdrawal lasting for 4 years. Discussion: This is a case of prolonged social withdrawal not bound to culture, as well as the second case of hikikomori reported in Spain. We propose prolonged social withdrawal disorder as a disorder not linked to culture, in contrast to hikikomori. Conclusion: Further documentation of this disorder is still needed to encompass all cases reported in Japan and around the world.

Keywords

Culture-bound syndromeHikikomoriJapaPsychiatric-diagnosisSocial isolatioSocial isolationSocial withdrawal

Quality index

Bibliometric impact. Analysis of the contribution and dissemination channel

The work has been published in the journal INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SOCIAL PSYCHIATRY, and although the journal is classified in the quartile Q3 (Agencia WoS (JCR)), its regional focus and specialization in , give it significant recognition in a specific niche of scientific knowledge at an international level.

From a relative perspective, and based on the normalized impact indicator calculated from the Field Citation Ratio (FCR) of the Dimensions source, it yields a value of: 8.43, which indicates that, compared to works in the same discipline and in the same year of publication, it ranks as a work cited above average. (source consulted: Dimensions Jun 2025)

Specifically, and according to different indexing agencies, this work has accumulated citations as of 2025-06-23, the following number of citations:

  • WoS: 33
  • Scopus: 42
  • Google Scholar: 78
  • OpenCitations: 36

Impact and social visibility

From the perspective of influence or social adoption, and based on metrics associated with mentions and interactions provided by agencies specializing in calculating the so-called "Alternative or Social Metrics," we can highlight as of 2025-06-23:

  • The use, from an academic perspective evidenced by the Altmetric agency indicator referring to aggregations made by the personal bibliographic manager Mendeley, gives us a total of: 77.
  • The use of this contribution in bookmarks, code forks, additions to favorite lists for recurrent reading, as well as general views, indicates that someone is using the publication as a basis for their current work. This may be a notable indicator of future more formal and academic citations. This claim is supported by the result of the "Capture" indicator, which yields a total of: 77 (PlumX).

With a more dissemination-oriented intent and targeting more general audiences, we can observe other more global scores such as:

  • The Total Score from Altmetric: 218.68.
  • The number of mentions on the social network X (formerly Twitter): 2 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions on Wikipedia: 2 (Altmetric).
  • The number of mentions in news outlets: 27 (Altmetric).

Leadership analysis of institutional authors

There is a significant leadership presence as some of the institution’s authors appear as the first or last signer, detailed as follows: First Author (OVEJERO GARCIA, SANTIAGO) and Last Author (BACA GARCIA, ENRIQUE).

the author responsible for correspondence tasks has been OVEJERO GARCIA, SANTIAGO.